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"Although the West won the Cold War, the continuation of the status quo is not a foregone conclusion. The former Soviet-aligned regions outside of Russia -- Ukraine, Poland, Czech Republic, and others -- sit atop decaying armed forces while Russian behavior has grown more and more aggressive, as evidenced by its intervention in Ukraine in recent years. Thomas Young delves into the state of these defense institutions in Central and Eastern Europe, whose resources have declined at a faster rate than their Western neighbors' due to social and fiscal circumstances at home and shifting attitudes in the wider international community. With rigorous attention to the nuances of each region's politics and policies, he documents the status of reform of these armed forces and the role that Western nations have played since the Cold War, as well as identifying barriers to success and which management practices have been most effective in both Western and Eastern capitals. This is essential reading for undergraduates and graduates studying the recent history of Europe in the post-Soviet era, as well as those professionally involved in defense governance in the region."--

Europe, Eastern --- East Europe --- Eastern Europe --- Armed Forces --- History. --- Military assistance. --- Former communist countries --- Former Soviet republics --- Reorganization. --- Defenses. --- Arms aid --- Foreign aid program --- Foreign assistance --- Military aid --- Mutual defense assistance program --- Military policy --- Arms transfers --- CIS countries --- Commonwealth of Independent States countries --- Ex-Soviet republics --- Ex-Soviet states --- Former Soviet states --- New Independent States (Former Soviet republics) --- Newly Independent States (Former Soviet republics) --- NIS (Former Soviet republics) --- Former Soviet bloc --- Second world (Former communist countries) --- Communist countries

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Elidor Mëhilli has produced a groundbreaking history of communist Albania that illuminates one of Europe's longest but least understood dictatorships. From Stalin to Mao, which is informed throughout by Mëhilli's unprecedented access to previously restricted archives, captures the powerful globalism of post-1945 socialism, as well as the unintended consequences of cross-border exchanges from the Mediterranean to East Asia. After a decade of vigorous borrowing from the Soviet Union-advisers, factories, school textbooks, urban plans-Albania's party clique switched allegiance to China during the 1960s Sino-Soviet conflict, seeing in Mao's patronage an opportunity to keep Stalinism alive. Mëhilli shows how socialism created a shared transnational material and mental culture-still evident today around Eurasia-but it failed to generate political unity. Combining an analysis of ideology with a sharp sense of geopolitics, he brings into view Fascist Italy's involvement in Albania, then explores the country's Eastern bloc entanglements, the profound fascination with the Soviets, and the contradictions of the dramatic anti-Soviet turn. Richly illustrated with never-before-published photographs, From Stalin to Mao draws on a wealth of Albanian, Russian, German, British, Italian, Czech, and American archival sources, in addition to fiction, interviews, and memoirs. Mëhilli's fresh perspective on the Soviet-Chinese battle for the soul of revolution in the global Cold War also illuminates the paradoxes of state planning in the twentieth century.

City planning --- Socialism and culture --- Culture and socialism --- Culture --- Cities and towns --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban development --- Urban planning --- Land use --- Planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Regional planning --- Urban policy --- Urban renewal --- History --- Government policy --- Management --- Albania --- Communist countries --- Iron curtain lands --- Russian satellites --- Second world (Communist countries) --- Soviet bloc --- Former communist countries --- Â-ngì-pâ-nì-â --- Albaani --- Albaania --- Albaania Vabariik --- Albaanje --- Albàinia --- Albani --- Albaniako Errepublika --- Albanie --- Albanien --- Albanii︠a︡ --- Albanija --- Albanio --- Albaniya --- Albaniya Respublikası --- Albanska --- Albánská republika --- Albánsko --- Albanujo --- Albanya --- Albanyah --- ʻAlepania --- Alvania --- An Albáin --- An-ba-ni --- Arbinishia --- Arnautluk --- Arnavutluk --- Arnavutluk Cumhuriyeti --- Arngudin Orn --- Arubania --- Avaña --- Dēmokratia tēs Alvanias --- Dziłigaii Bikéyah --- Elbanya --- Gweriniaeth Albania --- Lalbanän --- Lýðveldið Albania --- Lýðveldið Albaniu --- People's Republic of Albania --- People's Socialist Republic of Albania --- Pobblaght ny h-Albaan --- Poblacht na hAlbáine --- PSR of Albania --- Repóbblica d'l Albanî --- Repubblica di Albania --- Republic of Albania --- Republica Arbinishia --- República d'Albània --- República de Albania --- Republik Albanien --- Republika Albanii︠a︡ --- Republika Albanija --- Republika Albańska --- Republika e Shqipërisë --- Republika Popullore e Shqipërisë --- Republika Popullore Socialiste e Shqipërisë --- Republika sa Albanya --- Republikan kan Albanya --- Republiḳat Albanyah --- Republikken Albanien --- République d'Albanie --- République populaire socialiste d'Albanie --- Repúbrica d'Albánia --- Respublika Albanii︠a︡ --- Respubliko Albanio --- RPS të Shqipërisë --- RSH --- Sheypeni --- Shkipeni --- Shkiperiya --- Shqipenia --- Shqipëri --- Shqipëria --- Shqipni --- Shqipnia --- Shqipnië --- Shqipnija --- Shqipri --- Shqipria --- Shqiprija --- Shqypëni --- Shqypni --- Yn Albaan --- Αλβανία --- Δημοκρατία της Αλβανίας --- Арнгудин Орн --- Албани --- Албания --- Албанія --- Республіка Албанія --- Република Албания --- אלבניה --- רפובליקת אלבניה --- ألبانيا --- アルバニア --- 알바니아 --- Qeverija Demokratike e Shqipërisë --- Civilization --- Relations